Medical Treatment and Therapy of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Carbamazepine

A. Medicamentosa
        The most effective drugs are carbamazepine (Tegretol ®) 3-4X 100-200 mg a day depending on tolerance. These drugs, an anticonvulsant, is effective in most cases but causes dizziness and nausea in some patients while other patients on skin rashes and leucopeniasehingga to be discontinued. After a few weeks or months of administration, the drug can be stopped but must be given again if the pain recurs.
      Drugs other than carbamazepine anticonvulsants can shorten the duration and severity of attacks. Medications such as this example phenitoin (300-400 mg / day), falproat acid (800-1200 mg / day), clonazepam (2-6 mg / day), and gabapentin (300-900 mg / day).

Diagnosis of Trigeminal Neuralgia

        Trigeminal neuralgia should be distinguished with facial pain other. Medical examination and history of the symptoms must be done together other tests to rule out serious problems. Diagnosis based on an accurate anamnesis, clinical examination and clinical trials for know the exact location of stimulus triggers and pain during the examination. criteria diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia customized with advanced by Headache Society classification Internatianal 1988.

Symptoms and Signs of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Symptoms and Signs of Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia provide the following symptoms and signs

1. Neuropathic pain

Include severe paroxysmal pain , sharp, stabbing like, shot, electrocuted, hit by lightning, or burning a brief few seconds to a few minutes but less than two minutes, sudden and repetitive. Between attacks there is usually pain-free interval, or only mild dull taste.

Pathophysiology of Trigeminal Neuralgia

        Emphasis on the mechanics of blood vessels when the nerve root into the brain stem which is most often the case, while the portion above the trigeminal nerve / portio minor rare. Blood vessels in normal people do not intersect with the trigeminal nerve. This suppression can be caused by arterial or venous both large and small that may be just touching or bent on the trigeminal nerve.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Patient with Trigeminal Neuralgia

       Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder characterized by paroxysmal attacks of severe pain, and short in coverage of one or more nerves branch of the trigeminal nerve, usually without evidence of organic neurological disease. . This disease causes severe facial pain. This disease is also known as ticdoulourex or Fothergill's syndrome.

Complications and Prognosis of Bell's Palsy

       If the disease Bell's Palsy is not treated immediately, it will gradually raises some complications. The following are the complications caused by Bell's Palsy.

Complications

a. Crocodile tear phenomenon
      That tears when the patient eats. These occur several months after the paresis and the consequences of incorrect regeneration of autonomic fibers are supposed to salivary glands, but to get to, lacrimal gland. Locations lesions around the geniculate ganglion.

Medical Treatment and Therapy of Bell's Palsy

       How to treat Bell's Palsy and Bell's Palsy patient care? A very good question and important to know. Here are the steps in the treatment of Bell's palsy.

A. Take Rest especially in the acute phase
The first therapy that is just enough rest during the attack or acute period. This is to rest the nerve and muscle paralysis.

Bell's Palsy Diagnosis

      The diagnosis of Bell's palsy can be established by anamnesis and physical examination, in which case the neurological examination. To establish a diagnosis of Bell's palsy should be established first, the type of peripheral facial paresis, then get rid of all the possible causes facial paresis. Peripheral facial paresis is different, from the central type.

Clinical Manifestations of Bell's Palsy

Clinical Manifestations of Bell's Palsy

      Usually occurs suddenly, the patient is aware of the paralysis on one side of his face when they wake up in the morning, looked in the mirror or when brush teeth / rinse or told by another person / family that one corner of his face, lower. Bell's palsy is almost always unilateral. Clinical manifestations may include loss of all voluntary movement in paralysis.

Etiology and Pathophysiology of Bell's Palsy

      Bell's palsy is idiopathic disease, and is a disease of the peripheral nerves, which are acute, and attacking the facial nerve (N.VII) that innervate all the muscles of the face, causing weakness or paralysis of one side of the face. This leads to the asymmetry of facial paralysis as well as disrupt normal function.        

Bell's Palsy

         Facial paralysis is a form of disability which gives a strong impact on a person. Paralysis of the facial nerve can be caused by congenital birth (congenital), neoplasm, trauma, infections, exposure to toxic or iatrogenic causes. The most frequent cause of unilateral facial paralysis is Bell's palsy. Bell's palsy was found by a British physician named Charles Bell.